The Sierpiński gasket as the Martin boundary of a non-isotropic Markov chain

Abstract

In 2012, Lau and Ngai, motivated by the work of Denker and Sato, gave an example of an isotropic Markov chain, which does not satisfy the isoperimetric inequality, on the set of finite words over a three letter alphabet, whose Martin boundary is homeomorphic to the Sierpiński gasket. Here, we show that results of Lau and Ngai can be extended to a class of non-isotropic Markov chains. We determine the Martin boundary and conclude that the minimal Martin boundary is a proper subset of the Martin boundary. In addition, we give a description of the set of harmonic functions.