Critical magnetic field for 2D magnetic Dirac–Coulomb operators and Hardy inequalities

Abstract

This paper is devoted to the study of the two-dimensional Dirac–Coulomb operator in presence of an Aharonov–Bohm external magnetic potential. We characterize the highest intensity of the magnetic field for which a two-dimensional magnetic Hardy inequality holds. Up to this critical magnetic field, the operator admits a distinguished self-adjoint extension and there is a notion of ground state energy, defined as the lowest eigenvalue in the gap of the continuous spectrum.