Special Groups, Versality and the Grothendieck-Serre Conjecture

Abstract

Let $k$ be a base field and $G$ be an algebraic group over $k$. J.-P. Serre defined $G$ to be special if every $G$-torsor $T \to X$ is locally trivial in the Zariski topology for every reduced algebraic variety $X$ defined over $k$. In recent papers an a priori weaker condition is used: $G$ is called special if every $G$-torsor $T \to \operatorname{Spec}(K)$ is split for every field $K$ containing $k$. We show that these two definitions are equivalent. We also generalize this fact and propose a strengthened version of the Grothendieck-Serre conjecture based on the notion of essential dimension.