From Heron to Brahmagupta via Lagrange multipliers
Semyon Litvinov
Pennsylvania State University, Hazleton, USA

Abstract
We use the method of Lagrange multipliers to find the maximum area – given by the Brahmagupta formula, a generalization of the Heron formula – of a convex quadrilateral with assigned sides directly, bypassing the Bretschneider formula.
Cite this article
Semyon Litvinov, From Heron to Brahmagupta via Lagrange multipliers. Elem. Math. (2026), published online first
DOI 10.4171/EM/585