From equations to coastal hazard assessment: mathematical modelling of tsunamis

Abstract

Mathematical models play a central role in the understanding and prediction of tsunami hazards. Over the last decades, advances in numerical methods, high-performance computing and geospatial data have enabled the development of operational simulation tools capable of supporting early warning and risk assessment activities. In this article we discuss the mathematical foundations of tsunami modelling and describe how these models have evolved into operational systems used in real-world applications, including the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (Copernicus EMS).